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JAMB2025physics
Q1. The unit of force in SI units is?
AJoule
BWatt
CNewton
DPascal
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Q2. A body falls from rest under gravity. Its velocity after 2 seconds is? (g=10m/s^2)
A5m/s
B10m/s
C20m/s
D40m/s
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Q3. Which of these is a scalar quantity?
ADisplacement
BVelocity
CSpeed
DAcceleration
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Q4. The sound produced by a vibrating string depends on its?
ALength
BTension
CMass per unit length
DAll of the above
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Q5. What is the refractive index of a medium if the speed of light is 2 x 10^8 m/s?
A1.0
B1.5
C2.0
D3.0
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JAMB2025physics
Q6. The work done in moving a charge Q through a potential difference V is?
AQ/V
BV/Q
CQV
DQ^2V
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Q7. Which of the following is true about a concave mirror?
AIt is a diverging mirror
BIt always forms virtual images
CIt can form real and virtual images
DIt only forms real images
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Q8. The unit of power is?
AJoule
BWatt
CAmpere
DVolt
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Q9. Which of the following is a non-renewable energy source?
ASolar
BWind
CCoal
DGeothermal
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Q10. Calculate the resistance of a conductor with 10V and 2A.
A5 Ohms
B10 Ohms
C20 Ohms
D2 Ohms
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Q11. The time taken for a radioactive element to decay to half its original amount is?
AHalf-life
BDecay constant
CActivity
DPeriod
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Q12. What is the frequency of a wave with period 0.05s?
A5Hz
B10Hz
C20Hz
D50Hz
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JAMB2025physics
Q13. Pressure is defined as?
AForce/Area
BMass/Volume
CDensity*Gravity
DWork/Time
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JAMB2025physics
Q14. Which light color has the shortest wavelength?
ARed
BGreen
CBlue
DViolet
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Q15. The law of inertia is also known as?
ANewton's 1st Law
BNewton's 2nd Law
CNewton's 3rd Law
DHooke's Law
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JAMB2025physics
Q16. The unit of electrical capacity (capacitance) is?
AFarad
BHenry
COhm
DCoulomb
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Q17. A force of 10N acts for 5s. The impulse is?
A2Ns
B5Ns
C15Ns
D50Ns
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Q18. Which of these is a vector quantity?
ASpeed
BMass
CEnergy
DAcceleration
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Q19. The terminal velocity of a falling sphere in a fluid is reached when?
AUpthrust equals weight
BViscous force equals weight
CUpthrust + Viscous force = Weight
DWeight is zero
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Q20. The change in velocity per unit time is?
ASpeed
BAcceleration
CDisplacement
DMomentum
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Q21. Which of these is a fundamental unit?
ANewton
BJoule
CAmpere
DWatt
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Q22. The phenomenon where light bends around corners is?
AReflection
BRefraction
CDiffraction
DPolarization
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Q23. A boy of mass 50kg runs up a stairs of height 4m in 10s. The power is? (g=10)
A200W
B250W
C500W
D1000W
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Q24. Which law relates the current and voltage in a metallic conductor?
AOhm's Law
BFaraday's Law
CLenz's Law
DCoulomb's Law
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JAMB2025physics
Q25. The heat required to change the state of a substance at constant temperature is?
ASpecific heat capacity
BLatent heat
CThermal conductivity
DHeat capacity
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Q26. Which of these is a transverse wave?
ASound
BLight
CPressure
DUltrasound
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Q27. The mass of an atom is concentrated in the?
ANucleus
BElectrons
COrbitals
DShells
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Q28. Which of the following increases the rate of evaporation?
AIncrease in surface area
BIncrease in temperature
CPresence of wind
DAll of the above
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Q29. The work done in a cyclic process is?
AZero
BPositive
CNegative
DInfinity
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Q30. Which device converts AC to DC?
ATransformer
BRectifier
CInverter
DGenerator
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Q31. The kinetic energy of a body of mass 2kg moving at 10m/s is?
A10J
B20J
C100J
D200J
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Q32. Which color of the visible spectrum has the lowest frequency?
ARed
BYellow
CGreen
DViolet
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JAMB2025physics
Q33. The SI unit of magnetic flux is?
ATesla
BWeber
CHenry
DAmpere
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jamb2025physics
Q34. Which of these colours in the visible spectrum has the longest wavelength?
ARed
BBlue
CYellow
DViolet
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Q35. If the critical angle for a glass–air boundary is 45°, what is the refractive index of the glass?
A√2
B√5
C√3
D2√2
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jamb2025physics
Q36. A machine has an efficiency of 80%. If the input work is 200J, the output work is?
A250J
B160J
C120J
D100J
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Q37. Without considering the containing vessel, what mass of boiled water can raise the temperature of 8 kg of water from 25 °C to 60 °C when mixed in a heat‑proof container?
A10 kg
B7 kg
C5 kg
D6 kg
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Q38. What magnitude of electric current can store 2.5 J of energy in a 3 H induction coil?
A1.29 A
B2.48 A
C5.00 A
D3.66 A
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Q39. Which of the following is not true about a wave in a plucked string?
AIt is mechanical
BIt has a crest
CIt is transverse
DIt is longitudinal
Correct Answer: D
It is longitudinal (String waves are transverse; perpendicular to propagation.
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Q40. A boy uses a single string pulley system to lift a mass of 20 kg moving with a velocity of 5 m s⁻¹. What is the power developed by the boy if g = 10 m s⁻²?
A100 W
B1000 W
C250 W
D40 W
Correct Answer: B
Given information:
Mass, m = 20 kg
Velocity, v = 5 m s⁻¹
g = 10 m s⁻²
Solution:
Step 1: Determine the force required
To lift the mass at constant speed, the boy must exert a force equal to the weight:
F = mg = 20 × 10 = 200 N
Step 2: Power formula
Power = Force × velocity
P = F × v = 200 × 5 = 1000 W
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Q41. According to the kinetic theory of gases, the pressure exerted by a gas on the walls equals.
AMomentum imparted to the walls per unit area.
BChange in momentum per unit volume.
CChange in momentum imparted to the walls per unit area.
DRate of change of momentum imparted to the walls per second per unit area.
Correct Answer: D
Rate of change of momentum imparted to the walls per second per unit area. (Pressure = force/area = (rate of momentum change)/area from molecular collisions.)
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Q42. What form of energy is present in the food we eat?
AKinetic
BMechanical
CPotential
DChemical
Correct Answer: D
Food stores energy in chemical bonds, released during metabolism.
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Q43. The graphical representation of the pressure law is always a straight line passing through the origin, only if the temperature scale is
ARankine
BCelsius
CFahrenheit
Dthermodynamic
Correct Answer: D
The line passes through the origin only if the temperature is on the thermodynamic (Kelvin) scale.
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Q44. The power of a lens in diopters is
A3f
B1/f
C2f
Df
Correct Answer: B
Given information:
The power of a lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length (in metres).
Solution:
Step 1: Formula for power of a lens
Power P (in dioptres) = 1 / f, where f is the focal length in metres.
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Q45. For a gas, which pair of variables is inversely proportional to each other (provided other conditions are constant), where P = pressure, T = temperature, V = volume, and n = number of molecules?
AP, T
BP, V
Cn, P
DV, T
Correct Answer: B
Recall Boyle's law
Boyle's law states that for a fixed mass of gas (n constant) at constant temperature (T constant), pressure P is inversely proportional to volume V:
P ∝ 1/V, or PV = constant.
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Q46. When both the object and its image move together in the same direction relative to the observer, then there is
Ano parallax error
Bblurred image
Cmechanical error
Dparallax error
Correct Answer: A
no parallax error (No apparent shift if moving together.)
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Q47. What is the primary source of energy for Earth's seasons?
AEarth's rotation
BTilt of Earth's axis
CGravitational pull of the Moon
DSolar flares
Correct Answer: B
The tilt of Earth's axis (approximately 23.5°) causes variations in the angle of sunlight throughout the year, leading to the seasons.
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Q48. Which of the following best describes the term 'friction'?
AA force that accelerates objects
BA force that opposes the relative motion between two surfaces
CA force that attracts objects toward each other
DA force that causes objects to move in a circle
Correct Answer: B
Friction is a contact force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of motion between two surfaces in contact.
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Q49. What type of wave is a sound wave?
AElectromagnetic wave
BTransverse wave
CLongitudinal wave
DSurface wave
Correct Answer: C
Sound waves are longitudinal waves, meaning the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of wave propagation.
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Q50. Which of the following devices converts electrical energy into mechanical energy?
AGenerator
BMotor
CTransformer
DCapacitor
Correct Answer: B
An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, often used to drive machinery or appliances.
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Q51. What is the primary purpose of a lens in a camera?
ATo reflect light
BTo absorb light
CTo focus light onto the sensor or film
DTo polarize light
Correct Answer: C
The lens in a camera focuses light from the object onto the sensor or film to form a clear image.
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Q52. Which of the following is a characteristic of alpha particles?
AThey are electromagnetic waves
BThey have high penetrating power
CThey are helium nuclei
DThey are not deflected by magnetic fields
Correct Answer: C
Alpha particles are helium nuclei, consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, emitted during alpha decay.
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Q53. What is the main source of energy for Earth's wind systems?
AGravitational pull of the Moon
BSolar radiation
CEarth's magnetic field
DGeothermal heat
Correct Answer: B
Solar radiation causes uneven heating of Earth's surface, creating pressure differences that drive wind systems.
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Q54. Which of the following best describes the term 'momentum'?
AThe energy stored in a moving object
BThe product of an object's mass and velocity
CThe force exerted by an object at rest
DThe acceleration of an object in motion
Correct Answer: B
Momentum is defined as the product of an object's mass and velocity, a vector quantity conserved in isolated systems.
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Q55. What happens to the density of a substance when it is heated at constant pressure?
AIt increases
BIt decreases
CIt remains the same
DIt becomes zero
Correct Answer: B
When a substance is heated at constant pressure, it expands, increasing its volume and decreasing its density (density = mass/volume).
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Q56. Which of the following is a characteristic of a good electrical insulator?
AHigh electrical conductivity
BLow electrical conductivity
CHigh thermal conductivity
DHigh density
Correct Answer: B
A good electrical insulator has low electrical conductivity, preventing the flow of electric current (e.g., rubber, glass).
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Q57. What type of mirror is used in a solar cooker?
APlane mirror
BConvex mirror
CConcave mirror
DParabolic mirror
Correct Answer: C
A concave mirror is used in a solar cooker because it focuses sunlight to a point, concentrating heat for cooking.
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Q58. Which of the following is a non-renewable source of energy?
ASolar energy
BWind energy
CCoal
DHydropower
Correct Answer: C
Coal is a non-renewable source of energy because it is a fossil fuel formed over millions of years and cannot be replenished on a human timescale.
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Q59. What is the primary cause of the Coriolis effect on Earth?
AGravitational pull of the Moon
BEarth's rotation
CSolar radiation
DEarth's magnetic field
Correct Answer: B
The Coriolis effect is caused by Earth's rotation, which deflects moving objects (like winds and ocean currents) due to the planet's spin.
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Q60. Which of the following instruments is used to measure temperature?
ABarometer
BThermometer
CHygrometer
DAnemometer
Correct Answer: B
A thermometer is used to measure temperature, often using mercury, alcohol, or digital sensors.
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Q61. What type of image is formed by a plane mirror?
AReal and inverted
BVirtual and upright
CReal and upright
DVirtual and inverted
Correct Answer: B
A plane mirror forms a virtual, upright image that is the same size as the object and appears to be behind the mirror.
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Q62. Which of the following is a characteristic of a diverging lens?
AIt always forms real images
BIt converges light rays
CIt forms virtual, upright images
DIt is thicker at the center than at the edges
Correct Answer: C
A diverging lens (concave lens) always forms virtual, upright, and diminished images, regardless of the object's position.
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Q63. What is the effect of connecting resistors in parallel in a circuit?
AThe total resistance increases
BThe total resistance decreases
CThe total resistance remains the same
DThe voltage across each resistor increases
Correct Answer: B
In a parallel circuit, the total resistance decreases because the reciprocal of the total resistance is the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances.
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Q64. Which of the following particles is emitted during alpha decay?
AElectron
BNeutron
CHelium nucleus
DProton
Correct Answer: C
Alpha decay involves the emission of an alpha particle, which is a helium nucleus (2 protons and 2 neutrons).
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Q65. What is the primary source of energy for Earth's volcanic activity?
ASolar radiation
BGeothermal heat
CGravitational pull of the Moon
DNuclear fission
Correct Answer: B
Geothermal heat from the Earth's interior, generated by radioactive decay and residual heat from the planet's formation, drives volcanic activity.
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Q66. Which of the following is a fundamental unit in the SI system?
ANewton
BJoule
CKilogram
DWatt
Correct Answer: C
The kilogram is a fundamental unit in the SI system, used to measure mass. Newton, joule, and watt are derived units.
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Q67. What is the main purpose of a capacitor in an electrical circuit?
ATo increase resistance
BTo store electrical energy
CTo convert AC to DC
DTo step up voltage
Correct Answer: B
A capacitor stores electrical energy in an electric field between its plates and can release it when needed.
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Q68. Which of the following best describes the term 'work' in physics?
AThe speed of an object in motion
BThe force exerted by an object at rest
CThe transfer of energy when a force moves an object through a distance
DThe acceleration of an object in a straight line
Correct Answer: C
Work in physics is defined as the transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied to an object over a distance (W = F * d * cosθ).
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Q69. What type of energy is associated with the motion of an object?
APotential energy
BKinetic energy
CThermal energy
DChemical energy
Correct Answer: B
Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion, given by KE = (1/2)mv^2.
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Q70. Which of the following is a unit of pressure?
AJoule
BNewton
CPascal
DWatt
Correct Answer: C
The pascal (Pa) is the unit of pressure, defined as force per unit area (1 Pa = 1 N/m^2).
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Q71. What is the primary difference between a conductor and an insulator?
AA conductor allows electric current to flow easily, an insulator does not
BA conductor has a higher resistance than an insulator
CA conductor is always a metal, an insulator is not
DA conductor stores energy, an insulator does not
Correct Answer: A
A conductor allows electric current to flow easily due to low resistance (e.g., metals), while an insulator resists the flow of current (e.g., rubber).
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Q72. Which of the following is a property of X-rays?
AThey are charged particles
BThey have low penetrating power
CThey are electromagnetic waves
DThey are deflected by magnetic fields
Correct Answer: C
X-rays are electromagnetic waves with high energy and penetrating power, used in medical imaging.
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Q73. What is the main advantage of using a step-up transformer in power distribution?
AIt increases the current in the circuit
BIt reduces energy loss during transmission
CIt decreases the voltage for safety
DIt converts DC to AC
Correct Answer: B
A step-up transformer increases voltage, reducing current and thus minimizing energy loss (I^2R) during long-distance power transmission.
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Q74. Which of the following is a characteristic of a good thermal conductor?
ALow thermal conductivity
BHigh thermal conductivity
CLow density
DLow electrical conductivity
Correct Answer: B
A good thermal conductor has high thermal conductivity, allowing heat to transfer easily (e.g., metals like copper).
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Q75. What is the primary source of energy for Earth's earthquakes?
ASolar radiation
BGeothermal heat
CTectonic plate movements
DGravitational pull of the Moon
Correct Answer: C
Earthquakes are primarily caused by the movement of tectonic plates, which release stored energy along faults.
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Q76. A car accelerates uniformly from rest to 20 ms^-1 in 5 s. What is its acceleration?
A2 ms^-2
B4 ms^-2
C6 ms^-2
D8 ms^-2
Correct Answer: B
Acceleration a = (v - u) / t = (20 - 0) / 5 = 4 ms^-2.
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Q77. A 2 kg mass is dropped from a height of 10 m. What is its velocity just before it hits the ground? (g = 10 ms^-2, neglect air resistance)
Q79. A 12 V battery is connected to a 4 Ω resistor. What is the current flowing through the resistor?
A2 A
B3 A
C4 A
D6 A
Correct Answer: B
Using Ohm’s law: I = V / R = 12 / 4 = 3 A.
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Q80. What is the primary source of energy for Earth's lightning?
ASolar radiation
BGeothermal heat
CCharge separation in clouds
DGravitational pull of the Moon
Correct Answer: C
Lightning is caused by the separation of charges within clouds, driven by the movement of water droplets and ice particles, leading to a discharge of electrical energy.
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Q81. Which of the following best describes the term 'refraction'?
AThe bending of light as it passes from one medium to another
BThe reflection of light off a surface
CThe absorption of light by a medium
DThe scattering of light in all directions
Correct Answer: A
Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another with a different refractive index, due to a change in speed.
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Q82. What type of wave is a light wave?
ALongitudinal wave
BTransverse wave
CMechanical wave
DSurface wave
Correct Answer: B
Light waves are transverse waves, with electric and magnetic fields oscillating perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
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Q83. Which of the following devices converts light energy into electrical energy?
AElectric motor
BSolar cell
CTransformer
DCapacitor
Correct Answer: B
A solar cell (photovoltaic cell) converts light energy directly into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect.
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Q84. What is the primary purpose of a prism in optics?
ATo reflect light
BTo focus light
CTo disperse light into its colors
DTo polarize light
Correct Answer: C
A prism disperses white light into its constituent colors (spectrum) by refracting different wavelengths of light at different angles.
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Q85. Which of the following is a characteristic of a nuclear fission reaction?
AIt involves the combination of two light nuclei
BIt involves the splitting of a heavy nucleus
CIt produces gamma rays only
DIt does not release energy
Correct Answer: B
Nuclear fission involves the splitting of a heavy nucleus (e.g., uranium-235) into two smaller nuclei, releasing energy in the process.
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Q86. What is the SI unit of electric charge?
AAmpere
BCoulomb
CVolt
DOhm
Correct Answer: B
The SI unit of electric charge is the coulomb (C), which measures the quantity of electric charge.
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Q87. I. The colour of light depends on its frequency
II. When white light is dispersed by a triangular prism, yellow is deviated more than green
III. Rainbows are formed when rains fall heavily
Which of the above statements is/are correct about dispersion and colours?
AI and III only
BI only
CII and III only
DI and II only
Correct Answer: B
Color depends on frequency (I is true), but green is deviated more than yellow in a prism (II is false), and rainbows don't specifically require heavy rain - they just need sunlight and water droplets (III is false or misleading).
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Q88. The gravitational pull between two bodies is 20N. Find the gravitational pull when their distance of separation is doubled.
A10N
B5N
C13N
D20N
Correct Answer: B
Given information:
Initial gravitational force, F₁ = 20 N
Initial distance, r₁ = r
Final distance, r₂ = 2r
Solution:
Step 1: Newton's law of universal gravitation
F ∝ 1 / r²
Therefore, F₂ / F₁ = (r₁ / r₂)²
Step 2: Substitute values
F₂ / 20 = (r / 2r)² = (½)² = ¼
Step 3: Solve for F₂
F₂ = 20 × ¼ = 5 N